Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Titanium Alloy kuShishino lweValve
Ingxubevange ye-Titanium ineengenelo ezininzi ezinje ngoxinaniso oluphantsi, amandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwimimandla emininzi efana nepetroleum, ishishini lemichiza, imekobume yaselwandle, i-biomedicine, i-aerospace, ishishini lezimoto, kunye neenqanawa. . Ingxubevange ye-titanium ye-Cast ifunyenwe ngokuphosa i-titanium alloy kwisimo esifunwayo, phakathi kwayo i-ZTC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) i-alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo ezinzileyo, amandla amahle kunye nokuqina kwe-fracture (ngaphantsi kwe-350 ℃).
Njengoko icandelo eliphambili lolawulo lweendawo ezahlukeneyo ezizodwa kunye neenkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokuthutha umbhobho ophakathi kwamanzi, iivalve ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo ezininzi kwimveliso, kwaye kunokuthiwa nayiphi na imboni ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kweevalve. Ngenxa yeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, ubushushu, kunye naphakathi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukukhetha imathiriyeli yevalvu kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye kuxatyiswa ngokubanzi. Iivalvu ezisekwe kwi-titanium alloys kunye ne-alloys ye-titanium etyhidiweyo inamathemba abanzi kwintsimi yeevalvu ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, kunye namandla aphezulu.
Usetyenziso
- Marine
Indawo yokusebenza yenkqubo yemibhobho yamanzi olwandle inzima kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kweevalvu zaselwandle kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yombhobho. Kwangoo-1960s, iRashiya yaqalisa uphando ngealloyi zetitanium kwiinqanawa kwaye emva koko yaziphuhlisa ukuze zisetyenziswe elwandle. kunye nenani elikhulu lezicelo; Kwangaxeshanye, izivalo zetitanium zikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yenqanawa yasekuhlaleni. Xa kuthelekiswa neengxube zobhedu ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambili, intsimbi, njl., iimvavanyo zokukhupha amanzi ezilandelayo ziye zabonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloys ye-titanium inokuthembeka okuphezulu kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana namandla okwakhiwa kunye nokumelana nokubola, kwaye ubomi benkonzo iye yandiswa kakhulu, ukusuka. iminyaka eyi-2-5 ukuya ngaphezulu kabini, nto leyo ithe yatsala ingqalelo ebanzi kuye wonke umntu. Ivalve yebhabhathane ene-eccentric ebonelelwe liZiko loPhando lwaseTshayina iShipbuilding 725 eLuoyang, eTshayina kumzekelo othile wenqanawa lutshintsho kukhetho lwangaphambili lwezixhobo kunye nesikimu soyilo, kusetyenziswa iTi80 kunye nezinye izinto njengomzimba ophambili, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo ivalve ukuya kwiminyaka engama-25, ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwezicelo zemveliso yevalvu, kunye nokuzalisa umsantsa wobugcisa eTshayina.
-Isiphekepheke
Kwintsimi ye-aerospace, i-alloys ye-titanium ephosayo nayo iqhuba kakuhle, ngenxa yokumelana nobushushu kunye namandla. Kwakunjalo ngeminyaka yoo-1960 apho iAmerican Airlines yaqala yazama ukuphoswa kwetitanium. Emva kwexesha lophando, i-titanium alloy castings isetyenziswe ngokusemthethweni kwinqwelomoya ukususela ngo-1972 (Boeing 757, 767, kunye ne-777, njl.). Ayinalo kuphela inani elikhulu le-static structure ye-titanium alloy castings esetyenzisiweyo, kodwa sele isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nolawulo lwevalvu kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ebalulekileyo. Iivalve ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iivalve zokhuseleko, iivalve zokujonga, njl., eziye zanciphisa iindleko zokwenza inqwelomoya kunye nokwanda kokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, Okwangoku, ngenxa yoxinano oluncinci kunye nobunzima be-titanium alloy xa kuthelekiswa nezinye i-alloys, ezimalunga ne-60% kuphela. intsimbi yokuqina efanayo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kunokukhuthaza inqwelomoya ukuba ihambe ngokuthe chu ukuya kumandla aphezulu kunye nesalathiso esikhaphukhaphu. Okwangoku, iivalvu ze-aerospace zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezininzi zolawulo ezifana ne-pneumatic, i-hydraulic, i-fuel, kunye ne-lubrication, kwaye zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinokumelana nokukhula kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokusingqongileyo. Ziyenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiinqwelo ze-aerospace, iinjini kunye namanye amasebe. Iivalvu zemveli zihlala zifuna ukutshintshwa ngezigaba, kwaye zisenokungahlangani nemfuno. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokwanda okukhawulezayo kwemarike yevalve ye-aerospace, iivalvu ze-titanium nazo zithatha isabelo esonyukayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu.
- Ishishini lemichiza
Iivalvu zekhemikhali zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezirhabaxa ezinje ngobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukumelana nokubola, kunye nokwahlukana koxinzelelo olukhulu. Ke ngoko, ukhetho lwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo lubalulekile ekusetyenzisweni kweshishini lemichiza yeevalvu. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, i-carbon steel, i-stainless steel, kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethiweyo zikhethwa kakhulu, kwaye i-corrosion ingenzeka emva kokusetyenziswa, ifuna ukutshintshwa kunye nokugcinwa. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lokuphosa itekhnoloji ye-titanium alloy kunye nokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu ngokuthe ngcembe kufunyenwe, iivalvu ze-titanium ziye zavela emehlweni abantu. Ukuthatha iyunithi yokuvelisa i-terephthalic acid ehlanjululweyo (PTA) kwishishini le-fiber yekhemikhali njengomzekelo, i-medium medium is ikakhulukazi i-acetic acid kunye ne-hydrobromic acid, enokubola okunamandla. Phantse iivalve ze-8000, ezibandakanya iivalve zeglobhu kunye neevalve zebhola, kufuneka zisetyenziswe, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nenani elikhulu. Ke ngoko, iivalve ze-titanium ziye zaba lukhetho oluhle, zandisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lokusetyenziswa. Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokubola kwe-urea, iivalvu kwindawo yokuphuma kunye ne-inlet ye-urea synthesis tower inokuhlangabezana nobomi benkonzo ye-1 kwaye sele ifikelele kwiimfuno zokusetyenziswa. Amashishini afana ne-Shanxi Lvliang Fertilizer Plant, i-Shandong Tengzhou Fertilizer Plant, kunye ne-Henan Lingbao Fertilizer Plant baye benza imizamo emininzi kwaye ekugqibeleni bakhetha i-valve ye-titanium high-pressure check valves H72WA-220ROO-50, H43WA-220ROO-50, 65, 80, kunye ne-insulation. iivalvu zokumisa i-BJ45WA-25R-100, i-125, njl. ukwenzela ukungenisa i-urea synthesis towers, kunye nobomi benkonzo obungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-2, ebonisa ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokubola [9], ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kunye neendleko zokutshintshwa kwevalve.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-titanium alloy kwimarike yevalve ayiphelelanga kumashishini akhankanywe ngasentla, kodwa kukho uphuhliso oluhle kwezinye iinkalo. Umzekelo, i-alloy entsha ye-titanium ye-titanium Ti-33.5Al-1Nb-0.5Cr-0.5Si ephuhliswe eJapan ineenzuzo ezininzi ezinje ngoxinaniso oluphantsi, amandla aphezulu okurhubuluza, kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle. Xa isetyenziswe kwi-valve yokukhupha yangasemva yeenjini zeemoto, inokuphucula ukusebenza kokhuseleko lwe-injini kwaye yandise ubomi bayo benkonzo.
- Amanye amashishini
Xa kuthelekiswa nokusetyenziswa kwe-alloys ye-titanium etyhidiweyo kushishino lwevalvu, ezinye ii-alloys ze-cast titanium zibanzi kakhulu. Iialloyi ze-Titanium kunye ne-titanium zinokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, okubaluleke kakhulu kumashishini aneemfuno ezinobungozi ezifana neshishini lepetrochemical. Kwezi mizi mveliso, izixhobo ezininzi ezikhulu ezifuna imveliso yemizi-mveliso enje ngeempompo zevolumetric, utshintshiselwano lobushushu, iicompressors, kunye neereactors ziya kusebenzisa i-titanium enganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion castings, eneyona mfuno inkulu yentengiso. Kwicandelo lamayeza, ngenxa yokuba i-titanium iyindawo ekhuselekileyo eyaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele, engeyotyhefu, kunye nesinyithi esinzima esisimahla, izixhobo ezininzi zoncedo lwezonyango, iiprostheses zabantu, kunye nezinye zenziwe ngealloys yetitanium. Ngokukodwa kunyango lwamazinyo, phantse zonke iintambo zamazinyo eziye zazanywa zenziwe nge-titanium ecocekileyo ye-industrial kunye ne-Ti-6Al-4V i-alloy, ene-biocompatibility efanelekileyo, iipropathi ze-mechanical, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yeenzuzo zokuxinana okuphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-titanium kunye ne-titanium alloys, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezininzi zemidlalo ezinjengeeklabhu zegalufa, iintloko zebhola, iirakethi zentenetya, iirakethi ze-badminton, kunye nokuloba. Iimveliso ezenziwe ngazo zikhaphukhaphu, zinesiqinisekiso somgangatho, kwaye zithandwa kakhulu phakathi koluntu. Umzekelo, i-SP-700 entsha ye-titanium alloy ephuhliswe yiJapan Steel Pipe Company (N104) isetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli engaphezulu ye-Taylor brand 300 series iintloko zeebhola zegalufa, ezithengiswa kakhulu kwimarike yegalufa yehlabathi. Ukusukela ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, iialloyi zetitanium ziye zaqulunqa ngokuthe ngcembe ushishino kunye nezikali kumasimi anje ngepetrochemical, i-aerospace, biomedical, ishishini leemoto, kunye nemidlalo kunye nolonwabo, ukusuka kuphononongo lokuqala ukuya kuphuhliso olunamandla lwangoku.